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Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
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This document was prepared by Steven R. Schiller, David A. Jump, Ellen M. Franconi, Mark Stetz, and Andrea Geanacopoulos of Schiller Associates, Oakland, California, and Boulder, Colorado. (www.schiller.com) The document follows the U.S. Department of Energy's (DOE's) International Performance Measurement and Verification Protocols (IPMVP).
Contributors to this document include: Dale Sartor of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Doug Dahle of the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, and Erica Atkin of the Oak Ridge National Laboratory.
Section I: ESPC Program Description and M&V Overview
Section II: Incorporating M&V into ESPCs
Chapter 3: Overview of M&V Procedural Steps and Submittals
Section III: Selected M&V Methods—Option A
Chapter 6: Introduction to Option A
Chapter 7: Lighting Efficiency: No Metering and Metering of Fixture Wattages Only
Chapter 8: Lighting Controls: No Metering and Metering of Fixture Wattages Only
Chapter 9: Constant-Speed Motor Efficiency: Metering of Motor kW
Chapter 10: Variable-Speed Drive Motor Efficiency: Metering of Motor kW
Chapter 11: Chiller Replacement: No Metering and Verification of Chiller kW/ton Methods
Section IV: Selected M&V Methods—Option B
Chapter 12: Introduction to Option B
Chapter 13: Lighting Efficiency: Monitoring of Operating Hours
Chapter 14: Lighting Efficiency: Metering of Lighting Circuits
Chapter 15: Lighting Controls: Monitoring of Operating Hours
Chapter 16: Lighting Controls: Metering of Lighting Circuits
Chapter 17: Constant-Load Motor Efficiency: Metering of Operating Hours
Chapter 18: Variable-Speed Drive Retrofit: Continuous Post-Installation Metering
Chapter19: Chiller Replacement: Metering of kW and of kW and Cooling Load
Chapter 20: Generic Variable Load: Continuous Post-Installation Metering
Section V: Whole Building M&V—Option C
Chapter 21: Introduction to Option C
Chapter 22: Utility Billing Analysis Using Regression Models
Chapter 23: Utility Bill Comparison with a Discussion of Energy Accounting
Section VI: Whole-Building Computer Simulation—Option D
Section VII: M&V for Water Projects
Chapter 26: Introduction to Water Conservation Measurement and Verification
Chapter 27: Stipulated Flows and Operating Schedules for Plumbing Devices
Chapter 28: Metered Flows and Stipulated or Metered Durations for Plumbing Devices
Chapter 29: All Water Uses Compatible with Sub-Metering or Monitoring
Chapter 30: All Water Uses Compatible with Whole-Facility Metering
Chapter 31: Calibrated Simulation Analysis of Water-Consuming Systems
Section VIII: M&V Plan Overviews for Other Project Categories
Chapter 32: New Construction Projects
Chapter 33: Operations and Maintenance Measures
Appendices
Appendix A: Definition of Terms
Appendix B: Sample Metering Forms
Appendix C: Sample Lighting and Motor Survey Forms
Appendix D: Sampling Guidelines
The Energy Policy Act of 1992 and Executive Order 13123 direct federal building managers to reduce energy consumption per square foot by 20 percent by the year 2000, 30 percent by the year 2005, and 35 percent by the year 2010, relative to a 1985 baseline. The Federal Energy Management Program (FEMP) is helping achieve these goals by encouraging the utilization of private sector technical expertise and investment resources through the use of energy savings performance contracts (ESPC).
In an ESPC, a third party purchases and installs new equipment at a federal agency's facility. In exchange, the third party receives a share of the federal agency's savings in energy costs. Since compensation is based on project energy savings, the law underlying the authority for federal facilities to enter into ESPCs requires that energy savings be verified, reducing the agency's risk. The challenge is to balance costs and savings certainty with the value of the measures that are installed at the facility. (The intent of Congress is to have the resultant energy cost savings from a project meet or exceed the cost of its implementation.)
The purpose of this document is to provide guidelines and methods for measuring and verifying the savings associated with federal agency performance contracts. It contains procedures and guidelines for quantifying the savings resulting from energy efficiency equipment, water conservation, improved operation and maintenance, renewable energy, and cogeneration projects implemented under federal agency-financed ESPCs.
Section I of the Guidelines describes ESPC programs and provides a general overview of measurement and verification (M&V). Section II outlines M&V procedural steps and describes M&V issues in detail. It also provides quick reference tables and checklists for preparing and reviewing M&V plans. Sections III through VIII describe standardized M&V methods that should be used with federal performance contracts for energy projects, water projects, and other project categories.